Duolingo and the Future of Personalized Education with AI

Bozena Pajak, VP of Learning and Curriculum at Duolingo, discusses how AI has evolved from personalized difficulty models to generative AI characters enabling conversational language practice. The episode covers how AI addresses speaking anxiety—a primary obstacle in language learning—and explores agentic workflows for content scaling and the shift toward thematic personalization.

Why Your AI Product Will Be Obsolete in Six Months (And What To Do About It)

Benn Stancil, writer and co-founder of Mode, joins High Signal to ask some uncomfortable questions about the current AI moment. Is now actually a terrible time to start a company? If the tools you build on today are obsolete in six months, at what point does the head start stop mattering? Is all that context engineering you're doing a waste of time, destined to go the way of Boolean search syntax in the 90s?

The Post Coding-Era: What Happens When AI Writes the System?

Nicholas Moy, former Head of Research at Windsurf & now at Google DeepMind, joins High Signal to discuss the shift from "co-driving" to a truly "agentic" era of development.

Why Data Governance In Your Org is Broken (And How to Fix It)

Cara Dailey, VP and Head of Data Strategy at Early Warning (the parent company of Zelle), joins High Signal to discuss the evolution of high-stakes data leadership and governance.

The AI Paradox: Why Your Data Team’s Workload is About to Explode

Chris Child, VP of Product, Data Engineering at Snowflake, joins High Signal to deliver a new playbook for data leaders based on his recent MIT report, revealing why AI is paradoxically creating more work for data teams, not less. He explains how the function is undergoing a forced evolution from back-office “plumbing” to the strategic core of the enterprise, determining whether AI initiatives succeed or fail. The conversation maps the new skills and organizational structures required to navigate this shift.

Why AI Adoption Fails: A Behavioral Framework for AI Implementation

Lis Costa of the Behavioral Insights Team returns to High Signal to deliver a critical behavioral science playbook for the AI era focused on human and business impact.

From Context Engineering to AI Agent Harnesses: The New Software Discipline

Lance Martin of LangChain joins High Signal to outline a new playbook for engineering in the AI era, where the ground is constantly shifting under the feet of builders. He explains how the exponential improvement of foundation models is forcing a complete rethink of how software is built, revealing why top products from Claude Code to Manus are in a constant state of re-architecture simply to keep up.

Gen AI's True Cost: Why Today's Wins Are Tomorrow's Debts

Vishnu Ram Venkataraman (Generative AI Executive & Entrepreneur; former AI Leader at Credit Karma and Intuit) joins High Signal to unpack the true cost of generative AI. Having scaled AI solutions impacting over 140 million users, Vishnu reveals why the ease of shipping Gen AI prototypes often masks significant operational and engineering debts, challenging the conventional wisdom of rapid deployment.

Rebuilding an Airline for the 21st Century: LATAM's Data-Driven Transformation

Andres Bucchi (Chief Data Officer, LATAM Airlines) joins High Signal to unpack how a century-old airline reinvented itself with data and AI—and how that transformation is unlocking value from fuel efficiency to fraud detection. LATAM has built a massive data operation, experimenting across everything from pricing to operations, while customers benefit from a more reliable and secure travel experience. We dig into how LATAM fostered an experimentation culture, why existing data infrastructure is a critical asset, and how the biggest bottleneck in AI adoption isn't the technology itself, but human decision-making. The conversation also looks ahead to the future of generative AI as a software engineering problem, and the organizational changes needed to unlock its full potential.

Why Great Data Still Leads to Bad Decisions (And How to Fix It)

Amy Edmondson (Harvard Business School) and Mike Luca (Johns Hopkins) join High Signal to unpack what actually drives good decisions in data‑rich organizations. Using contrasts like the Bay of Pigs vs. the Cuban Missile Crisis and product cases such as Airbnb’s work on measuring discrimination, they show how decision quality tracks conversation quality—framing options, surfacing uncertainty, and challenging assumptions. We cover common failure modes (correlation vs. causation, anchoring, hierarchy, false precision), practical meeting designs that raise the signal, and where algorithms and LLMs help or hinder human judgment.

The Incentive Problem in Shipping AI Products — and How to Change It

Roberto Medri, VP of Data Science at Instagram, explains why most experiments fail, how misaligned incentives warp product development, and what it takes to drive real impact with data science. He shares what teams get wrong about launches, why ego gets in the way of learning, and how Instagram turned Reels from a struggling product into a global success. A candid look at product, data, and decision-making inside one of the world’s most influential platforms.

How Human-Centered AI Actually Gets Built

Fei-Fei Li—co-director of Stanford’s Human-Centered AI Institute and one of the most respected voices in the field—reflects on AI’s evolution from the early days of ImageNet to the rise of foundation models. She explains why spatial intelligence may be the next major shift, how human-centered design applies in practice, and why AI should be understood as a civilizational technology—one that shapes individuals, communities, and society at large.

Why Good Metrics Still Lead to Bad Decisions — and How to Fix It

Eoin O'Mahony—data science partner at Lightspeed, former Uber science lead, and co-designer of the system that kept NYC’s Citi Bikes available across the city—argues that positive metrics are meaningless if you don’t understand the mechanism behind them. At Uber, he was careful to make sure his launches both looked good on paper and made sense in practice. Now in venture, he’s applying that same rigor to unstructured data—using GenAI to scale a kind of work that’s long resisted systematization.

Why Most Companies Aren't AI Ready

Barr Moses—co-founder and CEO of Monte Carlo—thinks we’re headed for an AI reckoning. Companies are building fast, but most are still managing data like it’s 2015. In this episode, she shares high-stakes failure stories (like a $100M schema change), explains why full-stack observability is becoming essential, and breaks down how LLM agents are already transforming data debugging. From culture to tooling, this is a sharp look at what real AI readiness requires—and why so few teams have it.

The End of Programming As We Know It

Tim O’Reilly—founder of O’Reilly Media and one of the most influential voices in tech—argues we’re not witnessing the end of programming, but the beginning of something far bigger. He draws on past computing revolutions to explore how AI is reshaping what it means to build software, why real breakthroughs come from the edge—not incumbents—and what it takes to learn, teach, and build responsibly in the age of AI.

Your Machine Learning Solves The Wrong Problem

Stefan Wager—Professor at Stanford and expert on causal machine learning—has worked with leading tech companies including Dropbox, Facebook, Google, and Uber. He challenges the widespread assumption that better predictions mean better decisions. Traditional machine learning excels at prediction, but is prediction really what your business needs? Stefan explores why predictive models alone often fail to answer critical “what-if” questions, how causal machine learning bridges this gap, and provides practical advice for how you can start applying causal ML at work.

What Comes After Code? The Role of Engineers in an AI-Driven Future

Peter Wang—Chief AI Officer at Anaconda and a driving force behind PyData—challenges conventional thinking about AI’s role in software development. As AI reshapes engineering, are we moving beyond writing code to orchestrating intelligence? Peter explores why companies are fixated on models instead of integration, how AI is breaking traditional software workflows, and what this shift means for open source. He also shares insights on the evolving role of engineers, the commoditization of AI models, and the deeper questions we should be asking about the future of software.

AI Won't Save You But Data Intelligence Will

Ari Kaplan—Global Head of Evangelism at Databricks and a pioneer in sports analytics—explains why businesses fixated on AI often overlook the real advantage: making better decisions with their own data. He shares lessons from his work building analytics teams for Major League Baseball, advising McLaren’s F1 strategy, and helping companies apply AI where it actually works—without falling into hype-driven traps.

Why 90% of Data Science Fails—And How to Fix It

Eric Colson—former Chief Algorithms Officer at Stitch Fix and VP of Data Science and Machine Learning at Netflix—explains why most companies fail to fully leverage their data science teams. Drawing on his experience leading data functions at top tech companies, he shares how organizations can move beyond treating data science as a support function and instead empower data scientists to drive strategic impact through experimentation, iteration, and algorithmic decision-making.

From Zero to Scale: Lessons from Airbnb and Beyond

Elena Grewal—former Head of Data Science at Airbnb, political consultant, professor at Yale, and ice cream shop owner—shares her journey of building data teams that scale across vastly different contexts. Drawing on her experiences in tech, consulting, and brick-and-mortar, Elena offers practical lessons on leadership, trust, and experimentation.

What Lies Beyond Machine Learning and AI: Decision Systems and the Future of Data Teams

In this episode of High Signal, Chris Wiggins—Chief Data Scientist at The New York Times and Professor at Columbia University—discusses moving beyond machine learning to build robust decision systems that drive real-world outcomes. Drawing on his experience scaling data science teams, Chris explores the shift from prediction to prescription, the role of interventions in understanding causality, and what it takes to integrate data science into large organizations.

What Happens to Data Science in the Age of AI?

In this episode of High Signal, Hilary Mason—renowned data scientist, entrepreneur, and co-founder of Hidden Door—shares her unique insights into the evolving world of data science and generative AI. Drawing from her pioneering work at Fast Forward Labs, Bitly, and Hidden Door, Hilary explores how creativity, judgment, and empathy are reshaping the data landscape.

Data Science Meets Management: Teamwork, Experimentation, and Decision-Making

Harvard Business School's Chiara Farronato discusses how digital platforms like Airbnb and Uber have transformed industries. She explores the challenges of fostering collaboration between managers and data scientists, bridging communication gaps, and building data-driven cultures. Chiara also delves into the complexities of managing peer-to-peer marketplaces and the evolving role of data in decision-making. This episode offers key insights for business leaders working with technical teams and navigating platform-based innovation.

The Hard Truth About Building AI Systems and What Most Leaders Miss About AI

In this episode of High Signal, Gabriel Weintraub (the Amman Professor of Operations, Information, and Technology at Stanford Graduate School of Business), brings his expertise in market design, data science, and operations, enriched by his experience with global platforms like Uber and Mercado Libre, to a conversation that spans practical strategies, cultural insights, and global perspectives on data and AI.

Ramesh Johari on How to Build an Experimentation Machine and Where Most Go Wrong

Ramesh Johari (Stanford, Uber, Airbnb, and more) explores the art and science of online experimentation, especially in the context of marketplaces and tech companies. Ramesh shares insights on how organizations evolve from basic experimentation practices to becoming fast, adaptive, and self learning organizations. We dive into challenges like the risk aversion trap, the importance of learning from negative results, and how generative AI is reshaping the experimentation landscape. We also talk about common failure modes and the types of things you're probably doing wrong, along with strategies to avoid these pitfalls. Plus, we discussed the role of incentives, the necessity of data driven decision making, and what it means to experiment in high stakes environments.

Fooling Yourself Less: The Art of Statistical Thinking in AI

Columbia University's Andrew Gelman discusses the practical side of statistics and data science. He explores the importance of high-quality data, computational skills, and using simulation to avoid misleading results. Andrew dives into real-world applications like election predictions and highlights causal inference’s critical role in decision-making. This episode offers valuable insights for data practitioners and anyone interested in how statistics shapes our world.

AI at Planetary Scale: What’s Next for Machine Learning?

UC Berkeley's Michael Jordan on the future of machine learning as it extends to a planetary scale in "The Next Evolution of AI: Markets, Uncertainty, and Engineering Intelligence at Scale." In this episode, Mike speaks with Hugo about the evolution of AI, the importance of integrating machine learning, computer science, and economics, and how AI can scale to address planetary-level challenges.